| In Principle

The increasing commercial use of drones raises legal aspects of the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles. In this article we focus on one of the most hotly debated legal issues related to drones: the use of drones in light of regulations on protection of personal data.

In evaluating the likelihood of confusion when conflicting names in a foreign language look similar, the meaning and pronunciation of the words in that language should be considered.

Several regulations setting maximum levels for interchange fees have entered the legal system recently. It is already clear that these regulations are having a major impact on the market, causing some enterprises to revise their business model. An interesting issue from the point of view of the law of new technologies is whether these regulations are technologically neutral, or apply only to a selected group of payment instruments.

The construction industry rightfully tries to limit modifications to the FIDIC general conditions to essential issues. One of them is the rules for the contractor’s liability for defects in the structure. Failure to address this in the particular conditions can lead to disputes.

In complicated construction projects, the amount the contracting authority must ultimately pay the contractor in the final settlement is often higher than the originally agreed fee. The final amount will largely depend on the allocation of risks between the parties to the contract.

When acquiring shares in a Polish company for a foreign buyer, it must always be examined whether a permit from the Minister of the Interior is required because real estate in Poland is involved. Sometimes a permit is required to acquire even a single share.

Despite introduction of new commercialisation rules in 2014, there are still legal barriers to implementing projects.

This question can be answered only after determining which substantive law applies to the case. It can be a crucial issue in cross-border disputes.

Poland’s first clearinghouse for cash-free payments was established in 1990. In 1991 the first payment cards for individual clients were issued in Poland. The history of cash-free trade in this country now goes back over a quarter-century. But one of the key Polish regulations governing money—the Foreign Exchange Law—has not kept pace with the evolution of the forms in which money is used, but remains fixed in times when the dominant form of money was cash. There are many signs that this state of affairs may soon change.

The Public Procurement Law does not outright ban an entity from taking part in the same procurement proceeding as the general contractor and as a subcontractor for another bidder. But under certain circumstances this may be found to be impermissible and result in rejection of the offer.

The EU’s Succession Regulation (650/2012), which went in force on 17 August 2015, permits a choice of the law that will govern inheritance from a decedent. In the context of Polish reprivatisation cases, the best choice is Polish law.

The proposed amendment to Poland’s environmental impact assessment regulations contains not just procedural changes. It also goes directly to the nature of environmental impact assessments and the contents of EIA reports.